Free cash is what the town may appropriate without raising taxes: the money left when the books close, mostly from budget lines that were not fully spent and revenue that came in above estimate. It is one-time money by construction — it is a variance, not an income stream.
Off by default, and off everywhere else on this site. Free cash is one-time money and the projection is built without it; this shows what spending it would defer, not a plan.
That releases $0
Turn it on to see what drawing the balance down would defer.
This site's argument is that cuts change the amount and only rates change the direction. Free cash is in the same category as a cut, and weaker — a cut persists year after year; free cash is spent once and gone. The gap grows by roughly $641,433 a year, so even emptying the entire reserve — drawing to 0%, which nobody proposes — defers the problem two years and leaves the town with no reserve at all.
The same dollars, spent once versus raised permanently. An override lifts the levy limit for good and the schools keep it every year after, growing at the 2.5% cap. Free cash is spent and gone.
| year | gap | after $794,872 of free cash | after the same as an override |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY28 | $680,870 | $0 | -$114,002 |
| FY29 | $1,322,303 | $1,322,303 | $507,559 |
| FY30 | $2,033,179 | $2,033,179 | $1,198,067 |
| FY31 | $2,819,056 | $2,819,056 | $1,963,066 |
| FY32 | $3,685,928 | $3,685,928 | $2,808,538 |
| FY33 | $4,640,257 | $4,640,257 | $3,740,932 |
| six-year total | $15,181,593 | $14,500,723 | $10,104,160 |
Identical dollars. Over six years the override is worth $4,396,563 more, because it arrives every year and free cash arrives once.
But look at the last column, not the total. Even the override does not close the gap — it leaves $3,740,932 in FY33, and the shortfall grows every year. An override rises at 2.5%; the cost of running the schools rises faster. A permanent revenue increase loses ground more slowly than one-time money does, and still loses ground. That is the whole argument of this site in one table: only a change in the growth rates changes the direction.
The 6.55% exists because one component was unusually large. Unspent appropriations in 2025 were $2,457,761 against a 2021–24 average of $986,340 — 2.49×, the biggest jump of nine comparable towns, while two of them fell. Hold everything else constant and put that one line back at its own average, and the town certifies $2,026,212, which is 3.96% — below the bottom of the band.
That is the strongest thing in this data. Not that the balance is low, but that the flow which refills it does not clear the floor in an ordinary year. You can draw down to 5% once. Holding 5% while spending requires the underspending to continue — which would mean the budgeting problem continuing.
“This year, Lunenburg certified a record $3.354 million in free cash — 6.65% of the operating budget — well within DLS recommendations. In the last 10 years, Lunenburg has been below DLS free cash recommendations for seven years, only meeting this recommendation in 2022, 2023, and 2026.”— Town of Lunenburg, FY27 budget press release, page 6
Somebody saying the town is sitting on money is describing this year. Somebody saying it is rebuilding is describing the decade. Neither has to be wrong.